Supportive care for patients with cancer is designed to minimize or prevent chemotherapy-induced adverse effects and disease-related symptoms and complications. Two of the most profound adverse effects patients undergoing chemotherapy experience are anemia and neutropenia. The success in managing chemotherapy-induced anemia (CIA) and chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) has been dramatically advanced with the advent of erythropoieticstimulating agents (ESAs) and colony stimulating factors (CSFs), respectively.
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